Sonication of prokaryotic bacterial suspension is a common lysis method for extracting recombinant proteins from Escherichia coli. Harvest bacterial pellets by centrifugation and resuspend them in lysis buffer on an ice bath throughout the process. High-frequency vibration of the sonication probe ruptures bacterial cell walls and membranes to release intracellular proteins. Intermittent sonication is applied to control temperature and prevent thermal denaturation of proteins. Centrifuge the lysate after sonication; the supernatant contains soluble proteins while the pellet mainly consists of inclusion bodies, which can be subjected to separate subsequent purification experiments.